Personalized medicine is a tailored approach to treating patients. Also called precision medicine, this model identifies patients through grouping according to their needs.
Thanks to new diagnostic approaches, patients can be grouped according to the biomarkers identified through imaging, providing a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of their disease and the appropriate course of treatment. This has become particularly impactful in oncology.
In recent years, personalized imaging approaches have vastly improved cancer patients’ diagnosis, treatment, and long-term recovery. Treatment response, patient management, and patient outcomes are higher, so more lives are protected and improved thanks to advances in imaging.
Initially, patients receive baseline imaging.
CT radiological imaging can reveal structural changes such as tumor rupture and spinal cord compression. It is one of the first scans performed on patients, and the information is used to diagnose and evaluate cancer-related complications, including malignancy, obstruction, and infection. It can also identify drug-induced changes and inform physicians about the need for medical, surgical, or radiological interventions.
MRI radiological imaging is a valuable tool in the pre-clinical phase of cancer treatment. It can determine characteristics of the tumor’s immune environment and help predict short-term and long-term immunotherapy responses with better accuracy than a CT scan alone. Its most vital component is its ability to show soft tissue anatomy in detail. It is non-invasive and can determine the effectiveness of radiation treatments and other important information, such as cell density and microstructure of the tissue. In addition, the combination of PET/MRI imaging is proving to be even more powerful than MRI alone. PET (Positron Emission Tomography), a molecular imaging technique using radiotracers, identifies tumor characteristics in nuclear imaging. In a single session, the combination of these two tests reveals more information with an even higher level of molecular sensitivity. This cutting-edge technique aids in immunotherapy treatment and is particularly helpful in assessing the progression of advanced cancers.
Then, personalized treatment builds.
While CT and MRI have much to offer, molecular imaging operates on specific biochemical markers. This biological information is not visible to the human eye. The data is considered “high yield” and is being used to inform AI algorithms, which can provide prognostic information for clinical treatment.
Another forerunner in personalized imaging is the revised Response Evaluation in Solid Tumors (RECIST), a set of rules for measuring tumors based on imaging. The new guidelines can visualize, characterize, quantify, and measure tumors’ cellular, subcellular, and molecular processes. This non-invasive approach can track the physiological activities of molecules in a tissue or organ, whether they are measurable or non-measurable, clarifying disease progression and informing doctors on treatment.
Radiomics, also known as quantitative image analysis, is another promising personal imaging approach. Using handcrafted radiomics and machine-engineered statistics, it extracts unlimited features, mining for information to predict treatment outcomes after radiotherapy, including segmentation and dose calculation. Radiomics provides a wealth of information, pulling from CTs, MRIs, and PETs, connecting imaging with precision medicine.
Theranostics, the most recent development in nuclear medicine, combines diagnostic imaging with therapy, allowing doctors to visualize and treat based on the same molecule. This groundbreaking approach in cancer care reduces the side effects of traditional therapies while increasing precision and treatment effectiveness. Theranostics, along with molecular and nuclear imaging, are the hallmarks of personalized treatment in oncology.
The field of personalized imaging is growing. While we can anticipate significant diagnostic advances, early detection is key.
Vesta Teleradiology
At Vesta, we understand the critical role that advanced imaging plays in personalized medicine, especially in oncology. As a teleradiology company, we offer specialized diagnostic imaging interpretation services. Our team of expert radiologists is committed to providing timely, accurate reads that help physicians develop tailored treatment plans for their patients. Whether you need subspecialty interpretations or assistance in integrating new imaging technologies into your practice, we’re here to support you in delivering the best patient care possible.
